Keyboard Basics
Understanding the keyboard is the first step to typing well
Keyboard Layout
Most keyboards use the QWERTY layout, named after the first six letters on the top letter row. This layout was designed over a century ago and remains the standard for English typing. The keyboard is divided into several sections: the alphanumeric keys (letters and numbers), the function keys (F1 to F12), the navigation keys (arrows, Home, End), and the numeric keypad on full-sized keyboards.
Key Groups
Letter keys: 26 letters arranged in three rows. The home row (A S D F J K L) is where your fingers rest. The top row (Q W E R T Y U I O P) and bottom row (Z X C V B N M) require reaching from the home position.
Number keys: Located above the letter rows, numbers 0 through 9. They also serve as symbols when used with the Shift key.
Modifier keys: Shift, Ctrl (Control), Alt, and the Windows or Command key. These keys change the function of other keys when pressed together.
Function keys: F1 through F12 at the top of the keyboard. They perform special actions depending on the software you are using.
Navigation keys: Arrow keys, Home, End, Page Up, Page Down, Delete, and Insert help you move through documents without using the mouse.
Proper Finger Placement
Good typing starts with correct finger placement. Your left fingers rest on A, S, D, F. Your right fingers rest on J, K, L, semicolon. Your thumbs hover over the space bar. From this home position, each finger moves to its assigned keys and returns. The F and J keys have small raised bumps so you can position your hands without looking.
Posture Tips
Sit straight with your shoulders relaxed. Keep your elbows at about 90 degrees and your wrists straight. The keyboard should be at a height where your forearms are parallel to the floor. Taking short breaks every 20 to 30 minutes helps prevent fatigue.
Practice Suggestions
Start by memorizing the home row keys. Practice typing simple letter combinations before moving to full words. Use our Typing Practice page for guided exercises. As you become comfortable, try the Speed Test to measure your progress.